![]() Moreover, in qualitative research, the researcher is considered as the instrument and the reliability and validity of the research to a large extent dependent on the researcher’s own ability to immerse into the research. ![]() Although reliability and validity are treated separately in quantitative studies, these terms are not viewed separately in qualitative research. This is known as the reliability and validity of the research. In qualitative research, usually the credibility is manifested by the statistical robustness within the instrument of data collection. Whether qualitative or quantitative, it is important that researchers are able to test and demonstrate the credibility or trustworthiness. Quantitative researchers seek causal determination, prediction, and generalisation of the relevant research findings, whereas, qualitative researchers seek illumination, understanding, and extrapolation which is based on their immersed viewpoint. ![]() Qualitative research uses a more naturalistic and human-centered approach that seeks to understand phenomena in context-specific settings rather than generalised facts based on scientific experiment. ![]() One of the common criticism which qualitative researchers frequently face is methodological rigor.
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